What is the working principle of the jigs?

Jig machine is a product that uses pulse motion to separate materials into layers in a separation medium, and then discharges the separated products separately. As early as the 18th century, fixtures appeared. With the gradual development of science and technology, fixtures have also undergone several historic developments. Next, we will learn about the working principle of the fixture.

In the vertical upward flow of the jigs, light, heavy, and different sized ore particles have different velocities of movement. Heavy minerals fall behind light minerals during ascent and below light ore particles at the end of ascent. When the ore particles move in the opposite direction, the heavier ore particles will settle at a higher speed in the stationary or descending water flow, resulting in the stratification of light and heavy ore particles: the denser ore particles will approach the sieve plate of the lower level jig. In this way, after multiple repetitions, the layering becomes clearer, and then the light and heavy ore particles are separated through appropriate devices to obtain two products: concentrate and tailings.
Generally speaking, the working principle of a jigs is to stratify minerals based on their specific gravity (density), and then discharge light and heavy minerals separately. However, it can be seen from the comments on various jigsaw hypotheses that there is no complete and unified theory of jigsaw. Therefore, based on various assumptions and China's production practice experience, the essence of the jigs out process can be summarized as follows:
(1) The ore particles are mainly stratified by the specific gravity in the jigs. This jig can not only separate narrow grade ore particles, but also effectively separate wide grade and non grade ore particles.
(2) In the process of jigging, the higher the density of the medium, the greater the density difference between ore particles, and the higher the sorting efficiency.
(3) Maintaining the necessary bed looseness is a prerequisite for layering. If the bed looseness is insufficient, it is difficult for ore particles to transfer to each other, thus losing the possibility of stratification. Therefore, in the process of jigging, try to extend the time when the bed is in a loose state as much as possible to improve the processing capacity of the jigging and enhance the sorting effect.
(4) The influence of ore particle size and shape on stratification mainly occurs during periods when the relative velocity between ore particles and the medium is high. Therefore, when sorting non graded materials, the cycle of relative motion speed should be shortened and extended as much as possible in the jig cycle to maintain the compactness of the bed layer.
(5) Upflow should have a large positive acceleration and a small negative acceleration; The downward flow should have a small positive acceleration and a large negative acceleration.
(6) The downward suction effect is one aspect of the stratification in jigs. It can improve the shaking effect of narrow and non graded particles, but the strength and duration of the suction effect should be selected according to the properties of the raw materials.
(7) Increasing the frequency of water flow in the jig appropriately can improve the sorting efficiency when selecting fine-grained ores.
(8) Adding some high-density fine mineral powder appropriately to the bed can improve the beating effect of non graded ores, but the beating machine must be adjusted to enhance the ore suction effect.
Based on the above analysis of the working principle of the jigs, the working state of the jigs also progresses layer by layer. The maintenance of machines is an extremely important daily task. In order to extend the service life of the fixture, it is also necessary to understand the working principle of the fixture.